• It is well known that neurosteroids such as testosterone

  2024-11-23

  

  It is well-known that neurosteroids such as testosterone and their metabolites endogenously modulate neural excitability in animals and humans. Testosterone has protective effects against seizures induced by KA and PTZ (Frye et al., 2001b; Reddy, 2004b). Estrogens, on the other hand, have proconvuls

• br Materials and methods br

  2024-11-23

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Japanese encephalitis caused by JEV is characterized by Sodium Phenylbutyrate neuron death. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We and other researchers have demonstrated that JEV induces apoptosis by ER stress-mediated IRE1/JN

• SZL P1-41 synthesis br Materials and methods br

  2024-11-23

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Japanese encephalitis caused by JEV is characterized by SZL P1-41 synthesis neuron death. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We and other researchers have demonstrated that JEV induces apoptosis by ER stress-mediated IRE1/JNK

• br Introduction The apelin receptor angiotensin receptor lik

  2024-11-23

  

  Introduction The apelin receptor (angiotensin receptor-like 1, APJ) is a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR) that belongs to the class A peptidergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) superfamily [1]. The endogenous ligands of APJ are the different isoforms of apelin (namely apelin-13, −17, and −

• 3'-O-(2-nitrobenzyl)-2'-dATP The AMP Activated Prote

  2024-11-23

  

  The 5′AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) has evolved as an important cellular sensor of reduced energy status that can subsequently phosphorylate its target proteins, slowing the rates of key biosynthetic processes and promoting energy producing pathways; for these reasons AMPK has been proposed as

• br Experimental section br Introduction NMDA

  2024-11-23

  

  Experimental section Introduction NMDA receptor-induced increases in AMPAR trafficking to the synaptic surface mediates changes in synaptic efficacy in a number of BMS 299897 regions (Shi et al., 1999, Sun et al., 2005, Frenkel et al., 2006). While this process has been linked to the regulated

• With one exception all receptors for dopamine DA serotonin

  2024-11-22

  

  With one exception, all receptors for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), and norepinephrine are metabotropic receptors. The five metabotropic DA receptors (D1–D5) in the CNS are involved in motivation, pleasure, cognition, learning, memory, fine motor control, and modulate neuroen

• Although the effects of adenosine receptor signaling in

  2024-11-22

  

  Although the effects of adenosine receptor signaling in acute renal IRI have been attributed to the generation of high concentrations of adenosine, we have recently reported an increase in kidney levels of both AMP and adenosine, with a concomitant fall in ATP and ADP. We have also previously demons

• br Results br Discussion Utilizing a

  2024-11-22

  

  Results Discussion Utilizing a proteomic approach, we identified HSP90β as a protein that becomes associated with surface AChR in agrin-stimulated muscle cells. We demonstrate that HSP90β does not interact with the AChR directly; instead, via direct interaction with rapsyn, HSP90β becomes asso

• br Results br Discussion Dopamine

  2024-11-22

  

  Results Discussion Dopamine regulates behavioral responses to nicotine in Drosophila (Bainton et al., 2000), but neurochemical measurements of dopamine after nicotine stimulation had not been made. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the stimulation of nAChRs causes dopamine release i

• chk1 In the final set of experiments

  2024-11-22

  

  In the final set of experiments, the dependence of the reaction rate on viscosity was determined. The experimental protocol previously used to study the reaction of LOX with AA was used., Reactions of 5-LOX and AA were carried out at different relative viscosities in Tris buffer (25mM, pH 8.0) at 2

• As previously mentioned when hypoxia treated cells become re

  2024-11-22

  

  As previously mentioned when hypoxia-treated cells become re-oxygenated they sustain a significant amount of DNA damage which has been attributed to the formation of reactive oxygen species . This finding represents more than just an interesting in vitro phenomenon as within a tumor, cells have been

• Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have

  2024-11-22

  

  Although several different membrane estrogen receptors have been reported (Qiu et al., 2008; Revankar et al., 2005), a large percentage of membrane-initiated steroid hormone signaling appears to be performed by a subpopulation of the same receptors that act in the nucleus. Specifically, estrogen rec

• br Results br Discussion br

  2024-11-22

  

  Results Discussion Conclusions In summary, this study provides novel report of pericardial adipose aromatase expression – in both human and rodent. We show that aromatase expression is remarkably upregulated with aging (Fig. 1C), and that total aromatase UM 171 mg conversion capacity is si

• br Author contribution br Acknowledgement br Introduction Si

  2024-11-22

  

  Author contribution Acknowledgement Introduction Since the initial finding of Gould et al. [1], showing the loss of dendritic spines in the hippocampus after ovariectomy and its rescue after treatment of the animals with estradiol, a tremendous number of studies have demonstrated a role of

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